Management accounting for Sustainable Development Essay

Management accounting for Sustainable Development - Essay Example In the fifties, the concept of growth came as an unexplored horizon in Economics. However when this theory failed to reconstruct the world under the Marshall plan, then economists like Arrow brought a new concept popularly identified as development. Development differs from growth in the way that growth only considers the economic variables of human life while development is more interested in socio economic factors. The concept of development seems to be more justified than growth particularly improving the third world countries. However, whether development can be sustained or not, considering the limited amount of resources in the world, remained unanswered till 1987. Again, development suffers not only from the resource constraint but human life is constantly leaving some permanent marks through some irreversible changes, which also constraints development. The concept of sustainable development put its first step in the human mindset through Brundtland report named as â€Å"Our Common Future† (1987). Under sustainable development the needs of the present generation gets satisfied without compromising the future generation’s ability to satisfy their requirements. Sustainable development can be called as a culmination of the decision making process towards sustainability with the internalization of environmental costs. With this cost concept comes the most important and touchy factor known as ‘pricing of environmental goods’.

Individual Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Individual Project - Essay Example (1) The Victim Impact Statement provides the details of the harm or loss caused to the victim as a result of the offence, and the court takes this statement into consideration at the time of sentencing the offender. The purpose of the statement is to provide the victims of crime an opportunity to be heard in the criminal justice system, by participating in the sentencing of the offender in providing to the court and the offender, the impact of the crime on them. (2) The main problem with the Pre-sentence Investigation Report is that it is prepared by the probation department, and so tends to be done in a routine manner, and biased against the defendant. (3). The main criticism of the Victim Impact Statement is that it has little to do in enhancing the traditional goals of sentencing namely deterrence, incapacitation, rehabilitation, and retribution. Another criticism is that by shifting the focus of sentencing from the offender to the victim, it tends to make the process arbitrary. Yet another problem with the statement is the creation of classes of victims, with the eloquence and the social standing of the victim having more to do with the stiffness of the sentence, than the nature of the offense. (4). The judiciary or the executive administers probation. The administering of probation has two functions namely supervision, to ensure safety of the community in which the individual on probation is located, and the victim of the crime, and rehabilitation of the individual on probation. The advantage with judiciary-administered probation is that the function of rehabilitation of the individual on probation would be done more effectively, but the supervision is likely to be less effective, because of the amount of workload. The resources of the executive make supervision more effectively undertaken, but the rehabilitation is likely to be affected due to lesser concern for it. (5) The administering of probation at the